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Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein was one of the most famous scientists of all time. He developed the special and general theories of relativity and made many other discoveries.
Albert Einstein was born in Germany. His father was a salesman and engineer and his mother was a housewife.
When Einstein finished his university studies, he found work in a Swiss patent office. In his free time, Einstein continued studying physics. In 1905, Einstein published four important papers about physics. The fourth paper included the famous equation E=mc2. In 1921, he won the Nobel Prize for Physics.
From 1913 to 1933, Albert Einstein was the director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics
in Berlin. He often travelled around the world and gave talks about physics. While Einstein
traveled abroad, the Nazis became more and more powerful. Einstein’s life was in danger. In
1932, he left Germany forever. He moved to the United States and took a job at the Institute for
Advanced Study at Princeton, New Jersey.
Einstein became an American citizen in 1935. In 1939, he and his friend Leo Szilard wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. They warned him that the Nazis might be trying to create an atomic bomb. The United States started a programme to create its own nuclear weapons. After he leaned of the 1945 bombing of Hiroshima, Einstein tried to stop the use of nuclear weapons. He also supported the civil rights of African Americans.
Albert Einstein died on April 18, 1955, in Princeton, New Jersey.